• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The present invention relates to a thermal insulation device for a turbine generator comprising a turbine (30) whose wheel (66) is rotated by a hot fluid flowing between an inlet (32, 32 ') and an outlet (34, 34 ') fluid, and an electric generator (38) coupled to this wheel by a connecting shaft (36). According to the invention, a polymer heat shield is interposed at the junction between the turbine (30) and the generator (38).
    公开号:FR3042325A1
    申请号:FR1559726
    申请日:2015-10-13
    公开日:2017-04-14
    发明作者:Nicolas Goubet；Arthur Leroux；Antonin Pauchet
    申请人:IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN；Enogia SCA；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The present invention relates to a thermal insulation device between a turbine whose wheel is rotated by a hot fluid and an electric generator with a rotor coupled to this wheel, in particular for a turbine generator.
    This device is more particularly applicable to a turbogenerator of a closed circuit operating in a Rankine cycle.
    As is widely known, the Rankine cycle is a thermodynamic cycle whereby heat from an external heat source is passed to a closed circuit that contains a working fluid.
    This cycle is generally broken down into a step during which the low-freezing working fluid is isentropically compressed, followed by a step where the compressed fluid is heated and vaporized upon contact with a heat source. This vapor is then expanded, in another step, isentropically in an expansion machine, then, in a final step, this expanded vapor is cooled and condensed in contact with a cold source.
    To perform these various steps, the circuit comprises a pump for compressing the working fluid in liquid form and circulating it in the circuit, a heat exchanger (or evaporator) which is swept by a hot fluid to achieve at least partial vaporization compressed fluid, an expansion machine for relaxing the steam, such as a turbine, which converts the energy of this steam into another energy, such as electrical energy by coupling an electric generator to form a turbine generator, and another heat exchanger (or condenser) by which the heat contained in the steam is transferred to a cold source, usually a coolant or outside air that scavenges the condenser, to convert the vapor into a liquid.
    It is also known, in particular from document FR 2 884 555, to use the heat energy conveyed by the exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine, in particular that used for motor vehicles, as a hot source to ensure heating and vaporization of the fluid passing through the evaporator.
    This makes it possible to improve the energy efficiency of this engine by recovering a large part of the energy lost in the exhaust to transform it into an energy that can be used for the motor vehicle through the Rankine cycle circuit.
    The joint presence of a turbine and an electric generator, mounted side by side on the same shaft and within the same housing, potentially generates high thermal stresses on the generator.
    Indeed, the turbine relaxes hot gases, either organic fluid vapors in the case of a Rankine cycle closed circuit, or superheated steam in the case of a steam turbine, which transmit this heat to the generator.
    Due to the geometrical proximity between the turbine and the generator, the conduction of a heat flow from the turbine to the generator is nevertheless inevitable.
    However, in order to achieve the desired performance and operate with high reliability, the electric generator should not heat up.
    The thermal management of the generator must therefore be ensured by means of a dedicated cooling device, such as an air or water cooling of the generator casing.
    These devices are of a complex implementation and lead to a significant increase in cost.
    It is also known to use, in the case of turbines with a combustion chamber, a heat shield in the form of a plate of insulating material to limit the conduction of heat from the turbine part to the generating part. This reduces the need for cooling, which improves the efficiency of the system and increases its life.
    However, such a screen requires the use of materials resistant to very high temperatures which are expensive and have the disadvantage of being difficult to machine.
    The present invention proposes to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks by means of a heat shield using insulators with materials of simple composition and making it possible to provide an effective thermal insulation function at a very low cost. For this purpose, the invention relates to a thermal insulation device for a turbine generator comprising a turbine whose wheel is rotated by a hot fluid flowing between an inlet and a fluid outlet, and an electric generator with a rotor coupled to this wheel by a connecting shaft, characterized in that a polymer heat shield is interposed at the junction between the turbine and the generator.
    The heat shield may comprise a plate traversed by the connecting shaft and interposed at the junction between the flanges of the turbine and the generator.
    The heat shield may include a plate with a protruding edge cooperating with the turbine and generator flanges to provide coaxiality of the impeller shaft of the turbine with the rotor shaft of the generator.
    The heat shield can be made in two coaxial portions assembled one on the other.
    The heat shield may comprise a central portion traversed by the connecting shaft and a peripheral portion placed around the central portion.
    The central portion can cooperate with a housing carried by the turbine and with a bore carried by the generator and the peripheral portion can cooperate with a countersink carried by the turbine.
    The central portion may include a groove to cooperate with a heel carried by the generator.
    The heat shield may be made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyether ether ketone (PEEK), polyoxymethylene (POM) or a mixture of at least two of these materials. The invention also relates to a closed circuit operating according to a Rankine cycle, said circuit comprising a compression pump / circulation fluid in liquid form, a heat exchanger swept by a hot source for the evaporation of said fluid, a turbine generator with a an expansion turbine coupled to an electric generator, a cooling exchanger cooled by a cold source for condensing the working fluid, a working fluid reservoir, and working fluid circulation pipes, characterized in that the turbine generator comprises a thermal insulation device as mentioned above.
    The other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent on reading the description which will follow, given solely by way of illustration and without limitation, and to which are appended: FIG. 1 which illustrates a closed circuit operating according to a Rankine cycle and comprising a turbine generator with the isolation device according to the invention; Figure 2 which shows a schematic view of a turbine generator with the isolation device according to the invention and - Figure 3 which is a schematic view of a turbine generator variant with the isolation device according to the invention.
    In FIG. 1, the Rankine cycle closed circuit 10 is advantageously of the ORC (Organic Rankine Cycle) type which uses an organic fluid or mixtures of organic fluids, such as butane, ethanol, hydrofluorocarbons, carbon...
    It is understood that the closed circuit can operate with an inorganic fluid such as ammonia or water.
    This circuit comprises a circulation and compression pump 12 of the working fluid, called pump in the following description, with an inlet 14 of the working fluid in liquid form and an outlet 16 of this working fluid also in liquid form but compressed under high pressure. This pump is advantageously rotated by any means, such as an electric motor (not shown).
    This circuit also comprises a heat exchanger 18, called evaporator, traversed by the compressed working fluid between an inlet 20 of the liquid fluid and an outlet 22 through which the working fluid emerges from this evaporator in the form of compressed steam. This evaporator is traversed by a hot source 24 in liquid or gaseous form. This hot source may come from the exhaust gas flowing in the exhaust line of an internal combustion engine, the cooling fluid of an internal combustion engine, the cooling fluid of an industrial furnace, or the fluid coolant heated in thermal installations or by a burner.
    In the example illustrated, the hot source comes from the exhaust gas flowing in the exhaust line 26 of an internal combustion engine 28.
    This circuit also comprises an expansion machine 30 receiving at its inlet 32 the working fluid in the form of vapor compressed at high pressure, this fluid emerging through the outlet 34 of this machine in the form of low-pressure expanded steam.
    Advantageously, this expansion machine is in the form of an expansion turbine whose wheel is rotated by the working fluid in the form of hot steam by rotating a connecting shaft 36 (shown in phantom in FIG. ) which transmits the recovered energy to an electric generator 38. The assembly consisting of the turbine and the generator thus forms a turbine generator 40.
    The circuit further comprises a cooling exchanger 42, or condenser, with an inlet 44 for the low pressure low pressure steam and an outlet 46 for the working fluid converted into liquid form after passing through this condenser. This condenser is swept by a cold source, for example a cold air flow (Arrow F) generally at room temperature, so as to cool the expanded steam so that it condenses and turns into a liquid. Of course, any other cold source of cooling, such as water, can be used to ensure the condensation of the steam.
    This circuit also comprises a closed tank 48 which makes it possible to keep the working fluid in the liquid state and, preferably, a filter 50, such as a cartridge filter, for filtering the working fluid leaving the tank before it is introduced into the tank. the pump.
    The different elements of the circuit are interconnected by fluid circulation lines 52, 54, 56, 58, 60, 62 for successively connecting the pump with the evaporator (evaporator line 52), the evaporator with the turbine (turbine line 54), this turbine with the condenser (condenser line 56), the condenser with the tank (tank line 58), the tank with the filter (filter line 60) and the filter at the pump (pipe pump 62) so that the working fluid circulates in the direction indicated by the arrows A.
    Referring now to Figure 2 which illustrates an example of the turbine generator 40 used in the context of a Rankine cycle closed circuit.
    This example is not limiting of the invention and any other type of turbine generator can be used.
    The turbine generator of Figure 2 comprises a turbine 30 and a generator 38 placed in the extension of one another.
    The turbine comprises a hollow housing 64 comprising a wheel 66, preferably finned, housed in the cavity of this housing and carried by a wheel shaft 68, an inlet 32 of the hot vaporized compressed fluid and an outlet 34 of hot fluid expanded.
    The generator comprises a housing 69 housing the stator and the rotor (not shown) of this generator. The rotor is carried by a rotor shaft 70 located in the extension of the impeller shaft 68 of the turbine. The wheel shaft 68 of the turbine is fixedly connected to the rotor shaft 70 of the generator thereby forming the connecting shaft 36 between the turbine and the generator.
    Advantageously, the connecting shaft is formed of a single shaft on which is mounted the impeller of the turbine and the rotor of the generator.
    As can be seen more clearly in FIG. 2, the casing 64 of the turbine and the casing 69 of the generator have lateral flanges 72, 74 respectively facing each other and traversed by the connecting shaft 36.
    A heat shield 76 in the form of a plate 77 of polymer, in particular of circular section, is interposed at the junction between the two flanges being traversed by the connecting shaft and can be fixed to one and / or the other flanges by any known means, such as by screwing.
    This plate is advantageously made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyether ether ketone (PEEK), polyoxymethylene (POM) or a mixture of at least two of these materials.
    The use of these materials to make this plate is sufficient compared to the temperature levels to which it is subjected.
    In addition, they are easily machinable which allows to adapt this plate to several turbine generator configurations.
    Thanks to this, it is possible to use this plate not only to limit or prevent the heat transfer from the turbine to the generator but also to ensure the coaxiality between the two parts of the turbine generator ie between the axis of the turbine and the axis of the generator.
    For this, the plate is in the form of a U-shaped bowl 78, advantageously circular, with a bottom 80 carrying, coaxially with the axis of the bowl, a bore 82 for the passage of the connecting shaft and a circular lateral edge 84 projecting towards the generator and coaxial axis to the bore. This edge will thus serve as a centralizer between the turbine and the generator. For this, this edge comprises an inner peripheral surface 86 and an outer peripheral surface 88, substantially parallel to the inner peripheral surface 86 and leading to the bottom of the bowl. The inner peripheral surface 86 has a circular section that corresponds to that of the generatrix at the flange 74 while the outer peripheral surface 88 has a circular section that corresponds to that of a recess 90 carried by the flange 72 of the turbine 30 which has an inner peripheral surface 92 and a circular bottom 94.
    To ensure this coaxiality, the axis of the bore 82, the axis of the section defined by the inner peripheral surface 86 of the edge, the axis of the section delimited the outer peripheral surface 88 of the same edge and the axis of the section delimited by the inner surface 92 of the recess 90 are all coaxial.
    During assembly of the various elements, the plate is placed on the flange 74 so that its inner peripheral surface 86 cooperates with the peripheral surface of the generator at this flange and the flange 74 is in contact with the bottom 80. After this installation, the assembly formed by the generator and plate is mounted on the turbine so that the outer peripheral surface 88 of the edge 84 of the plate cooperates with the inner surface 92 of the recess 90 in FIG. based on substance 94.
    Once this assembly is completed, the turbine and the generator are fixed together by any known means.
    The variant of Figure 3 differs from Figure 2 in that the heat shield 96 is in two parts.
    This architecture makes it possible, for example, to position a sealing element at a desired location, in this case at the interface between the two parts of the heat shield.
    The turbine generator of FIG. 3 comprises a turbine 30 'with a hollow housing 64' comprising a wheel 66 'carried by a wheel shaft (not shown), an inlet 32' of the hot vaporized compressed fluid and an outlet 34 'of hot fluid relaxed. The generator comprises a housing 69 'housing the stator and the rotor (not shown) of this generator. The rotor is carried by a rotor shaft (not shown) located in the extension of the wheel shaft of the turbine forming the connecting shaft 36 '(symbolized by a dash) between the turbine and the generator.
    As can be seen more clearly in FIG. 3, the casing 64 'and the casing 68' have lateral flanges 72 ', 74' facing each other and traversed by the connecting shaft 36 'and the two-part thermal shield 96 is placed between these flanges.
    This heat shield 96 is in the form of a polymer plate, in particular of circular section, in two portions, a central portion 98 and a peripheral portion 100 surrounding the central portion.
    As for the example of Figure 2, the shield is preferably made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyether ether ketone (PEEK), polyoxymethylene (POM) or a mixture of at least two of these materials.
    Of course and without departing from the scope of the invention, the central portion and the peripheral portion of the shield may be of different material.
    The flange 72 'of the turbine carries a housing 102, of circular shape and coaxial with the axis of the connecting shaft, which passes through the flange. The housing has a peripheral edge 104 which leads to a peripheral lip 106 directed towards the inside of the housing.
    This housing extends, in the direction opposite to that of the lip, by a countersink 108 surrounding the housing being coaxial with the axis of the housing and terminating in the outer surface of the flange 72 '.
    The flange 74 'of the generator also has a circular bore 110 of smaller diameter than the housing of the flange of the turbine. This housing continues with a circular peripheral heel 112 of rectangular radial section.
    The central portion 98 of the shield has a cup shape 114 U, here circular, with a bottom 116 and a side edge 118, preferably circular. The bottom carries, coaxially with the axis of the bowl, a protuberance 120, here also of circular section, protruding axially towards the opening of the bowl and through which a bore 122, the axis of the bowl, protuberance and bore being coaxial.
    The diametrical dimension of the protuberance is substantially equal to the diametrical dimension of the bore 110 of the flange of the generator and its axial dimension corresponds to that of the heel 112.
    The lateral edge 118 thus delimits with the protuberance a circular groove 124 whose section corresponds to that of the heel 112.
    The peripheral portion 100 of the shield is in the form of a flat washer 126 of lesser thickness than the central portion 98.
    This washer has an inner diameter which substantially corresponds to the outer diameter of the edge 118 of the bowl 114, an outer diameter which is substantially equal to that of the counterbore 108 and a thickness slightly greater than the height of the counterbore.
    For the assembly of the various elements and this only by way of example, the central portion 98 of the shield is placed on the flange 74 'of the generator in such a way that the heel 112 of the flange is housed in the groove 124 of the central portion. The washer 126 is then slid over the central portion until it bears on the flange 74 '. The assembly thus formed is presented facing the housing 102 and the counterbore 108 to introduce the central portion in the housing 102 and the washer in the counterbore.
    Once this position is reached, the turbine and the generator are fixed together with any known means so as to grip the central portion of the shield between the flange 74 'of the generator and the lip 106 and the washer between this same flask and the bottom of the countersink.
    权利要求:
    Claims (9)
    [1" id="c-fr-0001]
    1) Thermal insulation device for a turbine generator comprising a turbine (30, 30 ') whose wheel (66, 66') is rotated by a hot fluid flowing between an inlet (32, 32 ') and an outlet (34, 34 ') of fluid, and an electric generator (38, 38') with a rotor coupled to this wheel by a connecting shaft (36, 36 '), characterized in that a heat shield (76, 96 ) in polymer is interposed at the junction between the turbine (30, 30 ') and the generator (38, 38').
    [0002]
    2) thermal insulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat shield comprises a plate (77) traversed by the connecting shaft (36) and interposed at the junction between the flanges (72, 74) of the turbine and generator.
    [0003]
    3) thermal insulation device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the heat shield comprises a plate (77) with a projecting edge cooperating with the flanges (72, 74) of the turbine and the generator to ensure the coaxiality of the impeller shaft of the turbine with the rotor shaft of the generator.
    [0004]
    4) thermal insulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat shield (76 ') is formed in two coaxial portions (98, 100) assembled on one another.
    [0005]
    5) thermal insulation device according to claim 4, characterized in that the heat shield (76 ') comprises a central portion (98) traversed by the connecting shaft (36) and a peripheral portion (100) placed around the central portion.
    [0006]
    6) thermal insulation device according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the central portion (98) cooperates with a housing (102) carried by the turbine (30 ') and with a bore (110) carried by the generator and in that the peripheral portion (100) cooperates with a countersink (108) carried by the turbine.
    [0007]
    7) Thermal insulation device according to one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the central portion (98) comprises a groove (124) for cooperating with a heel carried by the generator.
    [0008]
    8) Thermal insulation device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the heat shield is made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyether ether ketone (PEEK), polyoxymethylene (POM) or a mixture of at least two of these materials.
    [0009]
    9) closed circuit (10) operating in a Rankine cycle, said circuit comprising a compression / circulation pump (12) of the fluid in liquid form, a heat exchanger (18) swept by a hot source (24) for the evaporation of said fluid, a turbogenerator (40) with an expansion turbine (30) coupled to an electric generator (38), a cooling exchanger (42) swept by a cold source (F) for condensing the working fluid, a working fluid tank (48), and working fluid circulation lines (50, 52, 54, 56, 58, 60), characterized in that the turbine generator comprises a thermal insulation device according to one of the preceding claims.
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    WO2017063907A1|2017-04-20|
    EP3363101A1|2018-08-22|
    JP6840745B2|2021-03-10|
    JP2018536108A|2018-12-06|
    KR20180069007A|2018-06-22|
    CN108141106B|2021-06-11|
    CN108141106A|2018-06-08|
    FR3042325B1|2017-11-17|
    引用文献:
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    法律状态:
    2016-10-27| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2017-04-14| PLSC| Publication of the preliminary search report|Effective date: 20170414 |
    2017-09-15| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2018-10-25| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2019-10-24| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    2020-10-27| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 6 |
    2021-10-27| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 7 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1559726A|FR3042325B1|2015-10-13|2015-10-13|THERMAL INSULATION DEVICE BETWEEN A TURBINE WHOSE WHEEL IS DRIVEN IN ROTATION BY A HOT FLUID AND AN ELECTRIC GENERATOR WITH A ROTOR FITTED TO THIS WHEEL, IN PARTICULAR FOR A TURBOGENERATOR.|FR1559726A| FR3042325B1|2015-10-13|2015-10-13|THERMAL INSULATION DEVICE BETWEEN A TURBINE WHOSE WHEEL IS DRIVEN IN ROTATION BY A HOT FLUID AND AN ELECTRIC GENERATOR WITH A ROTOR FITTED TO THIS WHEEL, IN PARTICULAR FOR A TURBOGENERATOR.|
    JP2018518740A| JP6840745B2|2015-10-13|2016-10-03|A device that insulates a turbine whose wheels are rotated by a high-temperature fluid and a generator in which a rotor is connected to the wheels, particularly a turbine generator.|
    EP16778765.4A| EP3363101A1|2015-10-13|2016-10-03|Device for thermal insulation between a turbine of which the wheel is rotated by a hot fluid and an electricity generator with a rotor coupled to said wheel, in particular for a turbine generator|
    PCT/EP2016/073571| WO2017063907A1|2015-10-13|2016-10-03|Device for thermal insulation between a turbine of which the wheel is rotated by a hot fluid and an electricity generator with a rotor coupled to said wheel, in particular for a turbine generator|
    KR1020187013174A| KR20180069007A|2015-10-13|2016-10-03|A device for a thermal insulation between a turbine in which the wheel is rotated by a hot fluid and an electric generator with a rotor coupled to the wheel,|
    CN201680058310.6A| CN108141106B|2015-10-13|2016-10-03|Heat insulation device for a turbine generator and closed circuit operating with a rankine cycle|
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